Opening sequence of two contrasting Soap Operas Essay Example for Free

Opening succession of two differentiating Soap Operas Essay The initial succession of a British cleanser The initial arrangement of East Enders is by all accounts marginally dull, the hues are comprised of grays and blues. Straight away the title of the drama rolls onto the screen and a solid drumbeat takes a hold of the watchers consideration. The drum seems like an unexpected heartbeat (the sort an individual gets when they are shocked by a specific circumstance) it appears this is the impact they need the watcher you to have before the finish of the program. The picture of a guide of London with the River Thames going through it stays still yet the camera keeps on zooming out in a turning movement demonstrating a little network inside a huge urban network. The Soundtrack has no vocals however is an essential subject tune. Its one of which will draw in the watchers consideration and will send them directly to their seats to prepare for the scenes up-coming situations. The initial grouping endures an aggregate of twenty-four seconds. The initial arrangement of an Australian cleanser In the initial succession of the drama Home and Away it is clear that the air seems, by all accounts, to be a lot more brilliant and increasingly mollified, hints of seagulls (normally found on sea shores) and slamming waves can be heard. This in a split second guides the watcher into the strange escape impersonation of an ideal world. The hues are distinctive and intriguing, and the dull blue foundation can be handily connected with the sea. The camera at that point turns around and afterward flashbacks from the past scenes seem to let the watcher get a comprehension of what the substance of the current scene will contain. Little pictures of individual characters become noticeable with agreed, upbeat looks on their countenances, a lion's share of the cast have all the earmarks of being in their childhood. This will draw in a more youthful crowd. Something else that will apply a draw on a more youthful crowd is the soundtrack it is important and hopeful. The soundtrack has highlighted vocals from a male and female individual and incorporates the cleanser title. Through watching and examining two distinctive dramas it appears to me that in the Australian drama the makers will in general consolidate positive messages in their shows and spotlights on the lives of youngsters in the little anecdotal town of Summer Bay, where-as the in the British cleanser will in general spotlight on everyday issues that can happen to the normal Londoner. By the by the Australian crowd may have a bigger intrigue to a more youthful crowd due to its strange appearance and there appear to be more youthful characters. East Enders is by all accounts to a greater extent a family drama due to the various occasions bid to a scope old enough gatherings. Dramas GCSE Coursework Assignment Television is turning into an inexorably significant piece of society. We have more TVs in our homes, and on those TVs there are more dramas for the survey open for instance, East Enders, Coronation Street, Emmerdale, Neighbors, Home and Away, Brookside and Hollyoaks. Dramas have become a cutting edge marvel. People without a doubt get a great deal of delight from them, and despite the fact that the drama is seen as amusement. The business have cleverly sorted out a survey plan with the goal that a specific kind of cleanser offers to a specific objective gathering. For instance in Television guides there are a variety of various demonstrating times. Neighbors is indicated once at 1:45 am and a second time at 5:35pm, this recommends this cleansers target bunch are 11-multi year olds coming back from school arranged to watch their preferred cleanser. Where-as Eastenders is indicated only the one time at 7:30pm this proposes their objective are of any age particularly families, since families will apparently be together now of the night. TV organizations have formed cleansers into a serious environment on the grounds that there is a steady fight over watchers. The more evaluations the cleanser has the more effective it becomes. Dramas were initially introduced on radio in the United States after the Second World War. Once in the past cleansers were just focused on one sexual orientation, ladies. During World War II, ladies had taken the employments of men in the military assistance, anyway when men had come back to non military personnel life ladies came back to a local job. In contrast to today, cleansers werent appeared as TV dramatizations for significant stretches of time (1 hour 1/2 hour appears), they were short radio show serials, which managed common life. Cleanser organizations anxious to build up themselves in the new post-war success supported these short dramatization serials. This is the manner by which the development of cleansers moved into the developing mechanism of TV. Dramas have created thoughts, which have demonstrated fruitful in the film method that makes the watcher resolved to watch the following scene. Sensational scenes are overwhelmingly clear in the all-inclusive scenes of cleansers, for example, passionate and nostalgic stories basically about adoration. Music likewise assumes an extraordinary job in drama scenes. Music in Soap dramas is generally used to escalate the feeling of feeling. Dramas today have end up being fruitful. Cleansers, for example, Hollyoakes, Eastenders and Coronation Street are only three out of a rundown of numerous well known dramas. It appears that dramas will at present be around inside numerous years to come, with the new, over overstated and extraordinary story lines that have our general public stuck to our seats watching whichever drama offers to us the most.

Why I need a degree in Christian ministry Free Essays

I am a dedicated Christian with a calling to serve mankind to change over however many individuals as could be expected under the circumstances to Christianity.â For me, nothing bodes well that proclaiming the expression of God.â Although I accept that Christianity involves otherworldliness and the Holy Spirit is to a great extent answerable for showing Christians and particularly evangelists and pastors the word, I value the job of examining the Christian service. We will compose a custom paper test on Why I need a degree in Christian service or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now With an undeniably elitist society, more individuals going tepid to the expression of God, with an inexorably defiant youth and society, it is the high time that Christian priests changed their methodology in lecturing and showing the expression of God to address the developing circumstance. Lecturing the expression of God today is unique in relation to what it used to be in the previous three decades or somewhere in the vicinity. The proclaiming of the expression of God requires a mix of otherworldly information and formal information obtained through investigations. A great deal of contemporary issues influencing today’s chapels, for example, high pace of separation and betrayal even among Christians is a reason for worry.â Even among the top initiative of holy places, Christian pioneers are regularly contrasting in the open on some issue influencing the general public something which is taking steps to destroy the congregation. There is a requirement for chapel pioneers to be outfitted with authority abilities; these are just feasible through further examinations. An issue, for example, the convenience of gay people in the congregation is a case of a rising test for the congregation leadership.â To deal with the new difficulties, a quality instruction and preparing in the expression of God is very important.â Leading the congregation today needs administrative characteristics as much as the profound issues. Contemplating a degree in Christian service consolidates lessons of the holy book with other contemporary issues, for example, leadership.â A degree in Christian service is perfect for a congregation serve in that, a feeling of the executives aptitudes just as authority abilities has become a need in the administration of present day foundations. For me an opportunity to seek after a degree in Christian service will concede me the chance to pick up the administration and initiative skills.â These administration aptitudes picked up in instruction helps a great deal in the administration of places of worship; some of which are sufficiently large and have assemblages of several thousands with a system extending numerous nations. I am now a Christian and I truly need the preparation given the way that I am planting a congregation in Haiti, an outside nation, with various culture from mine and under an entirely unexpected environment.â I need a mix of aptitudes in order to have the option to lead the new church into flourishing.  In lecturing, it has gotten significant for the evangelists to adjust the messages so as to meet the assorted needs of the congregation.â For example, there could be a few individuals from the assemblage who are confronted with child rearing issues, other people who are confronted with money related difficulties and others could be confronted with marriage issues. The assemblages admire the priests for expectation, motivation and for assurance.â To address the issues, for example, those referenced above, evangelists must be able in such matters.â This requires preparing and for me; the requirement for a degree in Christian service. Moreover, it has gotten significant for ministers to change the methodology in missions.â For instance, taking the case of countries where Christianity has not yet arrived at everyone or is confronted with solid resistance, there is a requirement for evangelists to utilize the expert approach.â For example, there are nations whereby a Christian educator can not be permitted to lecture. On the off chance that one is prepared and they have a degree, such a minister can go into that nation not really as an evangelist yet a worker of non-benefit making associations. When in the regions where lecturing is illegal, it is anything but difficult to lecture in a work station.â Therefore a degree in the Christian service permits a person to fit as a rule where the administrations of a pastor are required. A ton of insightful materials have been found throughout time which has served to brace the conviction and confidence of Christians.â The best spot to find out about authentic revelations on Christian issues is in the college. A degree in Christian service gives the understudy great foundation information on subjects encompassing the congregation, which become valuable in the transformation procedure whereby changes over may scrutinize some teachings.â For evangelists who have experienced the college, they are better positioned to illuminate such issues. End I am a given Christian, a Sunday teacher and a voyaging preacher with a point of coming to the unreached and conveying the uplifting news to the individuals who have not has the superb chance. I truly couldn't want anything more than to seek after a degree in Christian service in the event that I am allowed the chance. References Barkley, Nella, and Sandburg, E. (1995).  Taking Charge of Your Career.  New York:â Workman Step by step instructions to refer to Why I need a degree in Christian service, Papers

Is Entrepreneurship Right for You - OppLoans

Is Entrepreneurship Right for You - OppLoans Is Entrepreneurship Right for You? Is Entrepreneurship Right for You?Starting your own business can be massively rewarding, but that doesnt mean that being an entrepreneur is right for everyone.The legend of the self-made business person looms large across American history.  But starting a business isn’t for everyone; it comes with its own challenges and advantages.So is it the right choice for you? We spoke to the experts to find out what factors you should consider if you think you might want to become an entrepreneur. The upsides.While owning your own business may not be an ideal goal for everyone, or even most people, it does come with certain advantages. That’s why some people choose to go into entrepreneurship in the first place, after all.“Being an entrepreneur is challenging but also very rewarding,” explained Leslie H. Tayne Esq. (@LeslieHTayneEsq), founder and head attorney at  Tayne Law Group  (@taynelawgroup). “When you’re first starting out, there’s a lot of sacrifices involved and a lot of difficult decisions to make. You’re going to face a lot of obstacles and have to figure out the best answers.But getting your business up and running and achieving all of the milestones, both big and small, along the way feels incredible and makes all of the work worth it. In addition, you’re in control of your own destiny and your own livelihood. That can be a scary thought, especially when success isn’t guaranteed, but that makes the success even sweeter.”Dave Munson, founder and CEO of  Saddleback Leather (@saddlebackbags), listed what he sees as the rewards of entrepreneurship:Knowing that you tried something bold and courageous. Not many people do that.You taught your kids to step out and to take risks and not be afraid of failing.You grow in your understanding and wisdom and so become a better person.It will bolster your resume because of what you learned that you didnt know about before. Youll be able to talk shop with any other business owner because youll see the bu siness as a whole rather than just a department of a business.”The downsides.If starting a business was a magic ticket to as much money as you wanted, everyone would be doing it. But there are many drawbacks. What are they?“There is no easy path to success in entrepreneurship,” warned George Kuhn (@gwkuhn3), president of  Drive Research. “It takes work and a lot of it.In order to be successful, it takes a lot of sacrifices. Sacrificing a steady paycheck. Sacrificing time with friends. Sacrificing time with family. Sacrificing your nights and weekends. It boils down to commitment and the willingness to put in the time and effort.”You’ll also have to have things to sacrifice if you’re looking to make sacrifices. If you don’t have the resources to start a business or the credit necessary to get the resources to start a business, you won’t be able to start a business.So is it right for you?Aside from whether you actually have the means to start a business, there are ot her factors about yourself to consider.“When deciding if entrepreneurship is right for you, a lot of things should be taken into consideration,” advised Anja Smith (@AnjalogAnja), educator and writer with  TradebizToolbox.com. “For instance, are you comfortable making decisions without all of the information? Entrepreneurs make judgment calls all day long.“Are you good at asking for help and delegating? A lot of people think they want to own their own business because they like being in charge. But you cant do it allâ€"a good entrepreneur is resourceful but also knows how to ask for help and hand off tasks that they can.“Of course, risk is a part of entrepreneurship. In that vein, one must consider personal discipline and motivation. The risk of opening a business is much less if you are capable of staying organized and self-motivated. No one is going to tell you to get out of bed but you!”How to prepare.Have you gotten this far and decided you’re still onboard? Then w e’ll leave you with some more advice to help you get started.“The number one thing Id recommend for potential entrepreneurs is to take the time to understand the business youre considering, especially if its a new business model,” James McGrath, co-founder of the NYC real estate brokerage  Yoreevo (@yoreevo), told us.“If youre opening a bakery, thats pretty straightforward you can tally up rent, equipment costs, ingredients, etc and estimate how much you can sell your product for to understand how much business youll need to do in order to make money. Of course you want to make sure you have the best information possible when making those estimates but the information is generally available.“If youre thinking about doing something new, you should think about how it will work but more importantly, also what could go wrong. That was most of our homework before we started Yoreevo. We needed to understand how property listings are distributed, how to participate in that syste m, what the requirements are, how we could be excluded, etc because if anything went awry there, nothing else matters.“You should spend a significant amount of time understanding both your business and the industry before starting a company. If anyone decided to become an entrepreneur overnight, they have not done enough homework.”Beyond research, there are other reasons not to immediately jump into the entrepreneurship pool headfirst.“One of the most effective ways to lower the risk of beginning an entrepreneurial venture is to ensure that you continue in your present working capacity to continue to earn a steady income until your entrepreneurial venture is sustainable,” recommended Nick H. Kamboj (@nkamboj), CEO of  Aston James, LLC .“Furthermore, you can further minimize entrepreneurial risks by initially budgeting for approximately no sales for a period of 6 months and to have enough funds to cover the operating costs. Hence through financial prudence, an entrepreneur can have a considerable amount of confidence knowing that they have a solid financial foundation and thus can focus on the creative aspect of their endeavor.”And be certain to have all of your bases covered.“Get insurance,” urged Tayne. “Make sure your business is insured. If it’s not, you could be in a major financial disaster if a crisis occurs. You don’t want to be at risk of losing everything for both your business and yourself.”Now if you do decide to go into business, you’ll be a bit more prepared. Perhaps we’ll be reading your content blog one day! To learn more about how you can jumpstart your career and up your earning potential, check out these other posts and articles from OppLoans:10 Skills You’ll Need in the Job Market of TomorrowNeed Cash Fast? Try These 10 Great Side Hustles10 Tips to Help You Score That Big Promotion6 Expert Tips to Start Your Side HustleDo you have a   personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find u s  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.Visit OppLoans on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIN  |  InstagramContributorsNick H. Kamboj (@nkamboj) is the CEO of Aston James, LLC an academically focused consultancy and is also the CEO of Aston James Publishing. He is the author of 6 books and has also previously held leadership and executive positions at Microsoft, Xerox, and Accenture respectively. Nick is the recipient of the Microsoft Most Valuable Player Award, Microsoft CPE Award, Microsoft Pinnacle Award, Employee of the Year Award (LANAC), Chandler Case Award (Booth), Bright Idea Award (LANAC), Implementation Award (LANAC), Global Awareness Award (Booth), and two Illinois Governor commendations.George Kuhn (@gwkuhn3) is the Owner President of Drive Research, a Syracuse-based market research company. In under three years, his company has grown to 10 employees and works with organizations across the globe.James McGrath is a co-founder of  Yoreevo (@yoreevo), the tech-driven NY C real estate brokerage dramatically lowering transaction costs for buyers and sellers. Prior to founding Yoreevo, James worked in finance, most recently at Citadel where he researched the housing market.Dave Munson is the founder and CEO of  Saddleback Leather (@saddlebackbags) and their factory in Mexico, Old Mexico Manufacturing. He is passionate about using his business to impact lives and is also passionate about spreading the quality message. He lives in the country outside of Fort Worth, Texas in African Safari tents with his wife, Suzette and two kids and three Labradors.Anja Smith (@AnjalogAnja) is a plumbers daughter and advocate for small business sanity. She is a speaker, author, and entrepreneur at  TradebizToolbox.com.Leslie H. Tayne, Esq.  (@LeslieHTayneEsq) has nearly 20 years’ experience in the practice area of consumer and business financial debt-related services. Leslie is the founder and head attorney at  Tayne Law Group  (@taynelawgroup), which specializes in debt relief.

Metacomet (King Philips) War

Comparing Dracula And Mary Shelley s Dracula And ...

Bailey A. Blaze Mrs. Duffey AP English 12 17 Aug 2015 Dracula and Frankenstein Dracula and Frankenstein are both novels within the category of Fantasy. They are both also written in the Gothic style. The authors of Dracula and Frankenstein each experienced many hardships in their life. Some that may have affected the themes used in their novels, and some continued to affect them after the novels were published. Bram Stoker and Mary Shelley are two authors that shaped the Gothic genre into the deep, dark, and thrilling category it is today. Mary Shelley was born in London, England on August 30, 1797. Her parents were William Godwin, her father, a philosopher and political write and her mother, Mary Wollstonecraft, a famed feminist. Mary Shelley never met her namesake due to her dying shortly after her birth (bio.com). She also had an older half-sister named Fanny Imlay, a result of her father s affair. In 1801 things changed, her father married Mary Jane Clairmont who brought two more children to the marriage, and later her father and Ma ry Jane had a son. While Jane, one of Mary s stepsisters, was sent of to school Shelley was never formally educated. Instead she used the resources of her Father s extensive library. It was through her father that Mary met Percy Shelley in 1814. He was a student of her Father s. As time went on Percy took most of his focus away from her father and focused it on her. They ran away together to England with Mary s stepsister Jane.Show MoreRelatedA Comparison of Film Techniques of Two Film Versions of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein1861 Words   |  8 Pagesof Film Techniques of Two Film Versions of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Mary Shelley wrote her novel Frankenstein when she was just a young girl of nineteen. She wrote it in 1816, when she went on holiday with her friend, Byron. Byron was already a famous poet, and it was him who suggested that whilst they were away, they should both write a ghost story. At the time it was just a way of passing time and having fun for Mary Shelley, but little did she know that her story wouldRead MoreWhere Do Monsters Come From? - The History Of Frankenstein And The Vampyre2381 Words   |  10 PagesHistory of Frankenstein and The Vampyre Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Dr. John Polidori’s The Vampyre were conceived in 1816 on a blustery and rainy evening in Western Europe. That night, they not only created science fiction, but molded horror fiction and gothic fiction a we know them today. Such a frightful summer night, with overly violent storms cascading across the lands with such ferocity. There could almost be no more perfect of a setting for a night of ghostly tales to astonish. Mary GodwinRead MoreFrankensteins Monster: from Misunderstood Creature to Scientific Breakthrough2710 Words   |  11 PagesThe 19th century reader of the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley was treated to a tale of fantastic proportions. A story of a monster that was created from parts of corpses and could be brought to life would have been an extremely scary story. They would not know if the creation of a monster in this way was really a scientific possibility. The 21st century audience however, now knows that this is not scientifically possible. The fear that was struck in the hearts of the 19th century readerRead MoreThe Development Of The Horror Genre Throughout The Years1758 Words   |  8 Pages(Masters, 1). Since then the development of horror can be created to a number of sources: evil folktales, witchcraft, fables, myths, ghost stories, and Grand Guignol melodramas (American Movie Classics Company, 1). Even the most memorable writers like Mary Shelley, Edgar Allan Poe, Bram Stoker, and Robert Louis Stevenson helped this genre be at forefront amongst audiences for decades (AMCC, 1). In the 18th and 19th century, gothic horror began to emerge in fiction and film (John Belton, A Brief History of

The Study of Honor in the Renaissance Period - 1442 Words

The study of honor in Renaissance cities presents an intriguing paradox. On the one hand, honor seemed ‘more dear than life itself’, and provided one of the essential values that shaped the daily lives of urban elites and ordinary city folk. For wealthy merchants and aspiring artisans, honor established a code of accepted conduct against which an individual’s actions were measured by his or her peers, subordinates and social superiors. Possessing honor helped to locate a person in the social hierarchy and endowed one with a sense of personal worth. The culture of honor, which originated with the medieval aristocracy, directed the everyday activities of urban-dwellers of virtually all social groups from at least the fourteenth century on.†¦show more content†¦The wide array of ritual behaviors in word and deed reveals both the creativity of those who had different lines of access to honor resources, as well as the conditionality of the code of honor itself . Rituals marked important sites for the creation of gender identity. Ritual activities provided the stage settings for women and men to carry out socially appropriate behaviors marking key points along the moving edge of their life course. In the process, rituals posited a set of gender expectations that were complicated by the realities of everyday life, for ritual practices embodying definitions of masculinity and femininity were alive to other variables such as age, class, personal circumstances, or changing political relationships. Men and women constructed both each other’s honor and gender identity by means of a complicated ‘network of oppositions and dependencies’. Shows a view of gender constructs alongside the practical relationships and tasks that bound men and women together. Three types of ritual activity inflected the relationship between gender and honor in different ways and involved different sets of participants. Honor was gendered in rites of passage rooted in kinship, specifically nuptial rites – events that helped anchor a family’s reputation in theShow MoreRelatedAmbition and Death - the Story of the Renaissance in Macbeth1189 Words   |  5 PagesAmbition and death - the story of the Renaissance in Macbeth In the tragic drama Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare in 1606 during the English Renaissance, the hero, Macbeth, constantly declines in his level of morality until his death at the end of the play. Because of his change of character from good to evil, Macbeth s attitude towards other characters, specifically Duncan, Banquo, Lady Macbeth, and the witches, is significantly affected. In a larger sense, the theme of bad versus goodRead MoreGuido Ruggieros the Boundaries of Eros: Sex Crime and Sexuality in Renaissance Venice1551 Words   |  7 Pagesact never existed. But as we can see in Ruggieros The Boundaries of Eros: Sex Crime and Sexuality in Renaissance Venice, historical facts beg to differ. By using criminal records, he takes us into a world that, although it is many centuries long ago, is much like todays society in their way of committing sexual crimes and sexual behavior. In my opinion, Ruggiero does not set out to make a vast study as to the reason why they behaved thi s way. For that type of analysis, I suggest one should read DrRead MoreComparison of Renaissance and Middle Ages1174 Words   |  5 PagesComparisons of middle Ages and renaissance Introduction Middle Ages were the most devastated and dark periods that Europeans had ever experienced. These periods were worse after one another. These episodes Europeans had lack of fortunes, educations, had worse economies and unfair rulers who were corrupted and neglected their responsibilities to their people. People were suffering by unrecognizable diseases, unchangeable seasons and unsolvable conflicts. People were also not optimisticRead MoreRenaissance Art : The Renaissance And The Renaissance852 Words   |  4 PagesThe Renaissance, better known as the â€Å"rebirth â€Å"period helped bring life back to culture and the arts. It was a movement that began in Florence, Italy, but eventually spread throughout Europe. It stemmed from a very dark period in history. Prior to the Renaissance, Europe experienced the Medieval Times, or Dark Ages, a time of war famine, and disease. There were many causes of the Renaissance such as â€Å"The Black Death† and the new idea that social cl ass does not dictate your wealth. The RenaissanceRead MoreBiography Of Benvenuto Cellini ( 1500 )996 Words   |  4 Pagesprestige, and honor. He takes part in necromancy, fighting, war, and a wide array of various undertakings. The question is, throughout all of Benvenuto Cellini’s accomplishments, did he possess the knowledge and skills to be considered a real Renaissance Man of his time period? A â€Å"Renaissance Man† is a term describing a man whose proficiency spans a number of different skill sets. As the term implies, it is most commonly used to define great achievers of the Renaissance time period in Western EuropeRead MoreArt Appreciation : Sandro Botticelli1393 Words   |  6 Pageshis apprentice. Even though being an apprentice seemed like a small task at the time, many believe that Botticelli was much more fortunate than other artists because he was able to obtain a much higher education compared to other artists of the Renaissance (Botticelli Biography, n.d.). Because of his apprenticeship, Botticelli inherited much from Lippo artistically, and, thus, was able to work independently and open his own workshop at only fifteen years old (Sandro Botticelli Biography | artbleRead Mor eThe Renaissance Was A Creative Period974 Words   |  4 Pages The Renaissance was a creative period. â€Å"First called the rinascimento, Italian for ‘rebirth’ the period came to be known by its French name, the Renaissance.† This period can also be defined as the rebirth of classical learning, literature, and art. During this Renaissance artists branched away from the restraint of Byzantine Art. Early in the Renaissance, Florence was not part of the unified country of Italy. Italy was divided into different states such as Florence, Milan, Venice, etc. FlorenceRead MoreThe Renaissance in Europe1418 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Renaissance†, which is French for â€Å"rebirth†, perfectly describes the rebirth of art and learning that occurred in Europe between the 1400s and 1600s. During the era known as the Renaissance, Europe underwent a cultural movement in which people regained interest in the ancient cultures of Greece and Rome. A renewed int erest in philosophy and human individuality lead to the development of more worldly and nonreligious focuses. Europe sought knowledge from the ancient world and moved out of the DarkRead MoreThe Developmental Impact of Scholasticism Essay examples1391 Words   |  6 Pagesthat reason and religious studies don’t blend well since religious studies should be based on faith and not reason. It is important to note that the majority of scholars, philosophers and thinkers were theologians ecclesiastically employed, and that the educational institutions available were under the control of the Church. With a new focus on rational thinking came a new perspective in which to look at the world. Obtaining knowledge from direct observation and study of the natural was no longerRead MoreDid Ladies Have A Renaissance Like The Men?1650 Words   |  7 PagesAges in Europe, came the period known as the Renaissance. Renaissance implies resurrection, and it implied the resurrection of antiquated Greek and Roman society for the exclusive class living essentially in Italy around 1350-1650, and incidentally in England in the late sixteenth century, and hardly in France and Northern Europe. Well known from these years were numerous artisans like Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci, and scholars like Machiavelli and Erasmus. Renaissance researchers believe that

Codification in English for Origins and Development- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCodification in English for Origins and Development. Answer: Introduction Codification is an essential process through which a language is standardized. It helps the language to gain a form that is easily understandable by everyone. Even the people who do not use that specific language as their mother tongue can use it with ease if a specific structure is clearly defined. Grammar is the tool that is used to standardize a language and further modifications are done by reshaping words and phonetics. Two of the most important tools to facilitate in the codification process are grammar and the making of dictionaries (Braine 2014). Grammar helps to give a formidable structure to the language which makes it easy to understand and fathom how the language operates; while dictionaries help to give an idea as to which are the accepted words in the language and helps to create the vocabulary of the language. Dictionaries also help to make the user know the meaning of the words of the language, which helps to understand which words are best suited for a purpose and ac cordingly employ those words to deliver the opinions and facts in the best possible way (Sung 2016). The paper seeks to give answers as to these aspects regarding how the English language was codified and how and why were grammar standardized and dictionary books were created. History of English language codification The linguistic term codification normally refers to the different methods that are used to standardize a language, English for the case of the current paper, which was coined by Einar Haugen, a popular linguist. It was defined as the process leading to minimal variation in form. This means that the language is more or less of the same form across the places where it is spoken. Creating dictionaries, guides about how to use different styles and guidelines of using the language, a structure put forth by grammar books are all tools that are used to standardize a language (Brems 2015). Codification is a continuous and ongoing process; but the most important period was during the 18th century, where a huge number of grammar books and dictionaries were being published, all trying to give the language a proper structure. Among these, the most notable were Samuel Johnsons Dictionary of the English Language, published in the Great Britain in 1755, and Noah Websters The American Spelling Book, published in 1783 in the United States. Codification is often seen as the final process in the standardization of a language. During the 16th and 17th centuries, the English language was given a lot of attention in the attempt to standardize it. The victory of Henry the 8th over the Catholic church led to a fall in its control over education and that made the importance of Latin to fall in terms of use (Kroskrity 2015). The language of the emerging nation of England as a state required it to be standardized in order to be used widely. In 1523, one of the first grammar books, A Shorte Introduction of Grammar was published by William Lily, that took an attempt to give a standard idea of language. The stark disparity in the number of grammar books that were published before and after 1600 is huge and is one of the best evidences that more people were trying to standardize the language (Mosel 2014). The first grammar book that tied to give a logical explanation regarding how does English work as a language or tried to give a p roper idea about the spelling and syntax of the language was Bullokars Bref Grammar for English. This was the first book that described how English should be and not just how it was. Ways to standardize There are a few ways and methods that are put into action to standardize languages. Some being: Dialect leveling: This refers to the process of lingual standardization by reducing, or even eliminating, the differences that a language has in different regions. This happens over a period of time and several generations. English across the countries are increasingly becoming generic and loosing local characters. This may be attributed to the advent of the internet. Linguistic imperialism: This is when one language is imposed on the speakers of another language and subjugate them to use this new language instead their native one. The primary example of this would the expansion of English language. Purism: This means holding a very conservative perspective regarding the use and development of a language. The problem with English in this aspect is, despite some vehement defenders, it is not at all pure and has inputs from numerous other languages, words it has molded and incorporated as its own. Linguistic insecurity: This happens when the users of a certain language are not confident enough to think that their use of the language is not up to the mark of the standard form of the language. This feeling of insecurity prompts them to alter their unique way of using the language and bring it in accordance to how other people use it (Weber 2015). This makes everyone trying to speak or use the language in the same way, making the language standardized. Prescriptivism: This notion refers to the belief that one language, or dialect of the same language, is superior to the others and ought to be promoted more. This is another form of purism, that hails a particular dialect and form an d dismisses another. This makes some users of a language to be more controlling and tend to try and make others speak and use the language as they see fit and the only proper way. Necessities for dictionaries Dictionaries are one of the two pillars that uphold the basic tenets of any language. A dictionary helps an individual to be autonomous, who does not need to be reliant on others in order to properly use the language. Dictionaries help to shape a language in many ways. Dictionaries are essentially the compilation of words that are accepted in a language and can best explain what one wants to mean. A proper notion and knowledge about these words can help to translate better: without the knowledge on words, it is tricky to communicate with people who speak another language, simply because translations are rendered useless. Dictionaries help an individual to use proper grammar as well as giving ideas and knowledge about the background of a word and also how it should be pronounced and the word family it belongs to, the properties of that segment of words and also the best ways and situations to use them (Algeo and Butcher 2013). Dictionaries also help to give the knowledge regarding the different forms of the same word: how it is spoken as a verb or as a noun or as an adverb. Dictionaries were being commissioned more and more in numbers during the period of the industrial revolution in Europe. In that time, there was a great need to educate the people because the lifestyle was changing fast and with that the outlook and views on different things were quickly changing. Every country had people who were writing their own and selling dictionaries. With the industrial revolution came the advent of scientific research and new discoveries, inventions, innovations were being done every day. This was one of the most important reasons to develop and standardize English as a language (Pennycook 2017). The need to communicate about the new scientific discoveries and to expand the knowledge. English helped in this aspect and it was necessary to give a proper form that would enable the scientists to discuss about the new researches that were going on around the world. Books being expensive during that time, dictionaries were the only option through which the idea and the knowledge about the language could be spread. This had another political aspect to it: the rise of English as a language resulted in the reduction of Latin as in popularity. This was used by the royal families and churches to write books and scrolls. English suddenly made everyone able to read and knowledge was rendered to be free. This simultaneously paved the path for the monarchy to fall and the rise of the educated middle class was initiated. There are many criteria for a word to be included in a dictionary. The process is lengthy and requires a lot of requirements to be fulfilled. At the very beginning, it must be observed very carefully which words are used the most and how are they being used (Aarts, Chalker and Weiner 2014). This gives important insight regarding how important is a particular word. One good way to achieve this is by reading daily publications in every possible way. Online or digital publications are also given a lot of emphasis in todays world as the internet has been seen to be the reason for the establishment of many words in popular culture. If any of these new words are found to be in use for a long period of time and if they are even started to be used in official work as well, albeit not being included in the dictionary even then, then these words are tried to be given a proper definition (Knowles 2014). To observe and understand the trends and situations where these words are used can help to u nderstand what purpose do these words serve and may they be used. The definitions are established on this and any further use of the words are kept in accordance with the explanations of the words (Kubota 2014). The sources of these words are of paramount importance as they hold the key to understand the use of the words. Noting down the sources of these words is called citations and gives important understanding regarding just how much used is the word. These citations are then compiled and alphabetic segments are divided into according to alphabets. While new words are being incorporated into the dictionary, already existing words are also examined to see whether there have been any changes in their definition or what they represent. Throughout the history of language, numerous words have gone through a drastic change in terms of what they define or refer to. The words are then included into the dictionary with a clear description, how should it be pronounced and what is the best situation to use it. Prescriptivism and descriptivism of the dictionary This term, as defined earlier, refers to the notion that one language or dialect is better than another and leads to subjugation of one of them. But in a broad and general sense, most of the words that are used today or are part of the dictionaries, are descriptive. The only words that come across as prescriptive are mostly slangs or are non-standard. Prescriptive words are used these days only in cases of being misused. Descriptivism means taking an objective approach towards the language, while prescriptivism is more like a set of rules that dictate what should be the structure of the language (Gray 2014). In the modern world, it is hard for anything to have such a hard and fast rule. This makes almost all the modern day dictionaries to be descriptive rather than prescriptive. 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